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Tuesday, September 1, 2015
Physical Activity Promotes Higher Cognition in Older Adults
Burzynska et al from the Lifelong Brain and Cognition Lab at the University of Illinois at Urbana report in an article at PLoS One that by looking at functional and structural MRI data found that higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) in old age were associated with greater brain structural and functional integrity, and higher cognitive functioning.
As we age, the physical make up of our brains changes. This includes changes in neural processing in grey matter, but also in the deterioration of structural connections within, which allow communication between distinct brain regions, so that the brain is able to work as a well-wired interconnected network.
In recent years, researchers have observed that variability in the blood oxygenation as determined by the signal obtained in the BOLD sequence from fMRIs is dependent on functional integrity in certain regions of the brain and is linked to younger age and better cognitive performance..
The researchers collected resting-state fMRI and diffusion images as well as well-normed laboratory measures of fluid intelligence, perceptual speed, episodic memory, and vocabulary from 104 healthy participants (60–80 years). Because some participants did not complete all tasks in the cognitive battery, a final sample of 91 aging non-demented participants was included in their study.
They also measured CRF as oxygen consumption during a maximal exercise test and measured PA in those healthy but low active older adults with an accelerometer that was worn for 7 days. They modeled the relationships between CRF, PA, and brain functional integrity using multivariate partial least squares analysis.
As an index of functional brain integrity they used moment-to-moment variability in the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal (SDBOLD), known to be associated with better cognitive functioning.
The researchers found that older adults who engaged more in light or moderate-to-vigorous physical activities had greater SDBOLD in brain regions such as precuneus, hippocampus, medial and lateral prefrontal, and temporal cortices that play a role in integrating segregated functional domains in the brain.
Their findings suggest that engaging in higher intensity physical activity may have protective effects on neural processing in aging. Finally, they demonstrated that older adults with greater overall white matter microstructure were those in whom their cardiovascular and respiratory systems were functioning optimally and they engaged in physical activities. They concluded that greater blood oxygenation as determined by SDBOLD is a promising correlate of functional brain health and may reflect more flexible or adaptive information processing in older adults.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 5;10(8):e0134819
http://ift.tt/1SRb68j.
Friday, August 7, 2015
Drug Side Effects
A side effect is usually regarded as an undesirable secondary effect which occurs in addition to the desired therapeutic effect of a drug or medication. Side effects may vary for each individual depending on the person's disease state, age, weight, gender, ethnicity and general health.
Side effects can occur when commencing, decreasing/increasing dosages, or ending a drug or medication regimen. Side effects may also lead to non-compliance with prescribed treatment. When side effects of a drug or medication are severe, the dosage may be adjusted or a second medication may be prescribed. Lifestyle or dietary changes may also help to minimize side effects
Monday, July 20, 2015
What Functions Psychologist Have And How Can They Help
It is normal for people to experience pain and discomfort from time to time. The severity of the illnesses that you might experience varies and the treatments utilized to help you recover vary as well. To be sure that the patient can be treated, the method for medication must be the right one. As you can observe, therapies differ for physical illnesses and behavioral ones.
You will not easily see the sickness of the mind is someone has it. During the first stages, there will be no physical sign of it. However, it might show in the near future. Mind issues could be very frightening for the person experiencing it and the others around him or her. Undergoing treatment as soon as possible would be better for them. This is when psychologist San Francisco can help you. Finding the perfect person for the job is not that hard as there are several choices particularly in areas where there are a lot of people like San Francisco CA.
Those who were suffering from this were severely affected. Their lives have changed and it is hard to divert back to the old ways unless they are treated. Experiencing behavioral conditions are also known to be the cause of suicide. Others have been suffering from other physical diseases because of this as well.
The function of most psychologists is to help treatments. There are various treatment methods when someone is ill. And through their expertise, it is easy for them to determine what the patient has to do to recover. At times, they provide diagnosis as well as advise to those who will be treating the patient directly.
Someone who have graduated the degree of psychology can also choose not to provide therapies. Some of them decide to go to another field such as education. Only that their lessons are more advanced and are better utilized by people who desire to become professionals in the field as well. Opportunities are usually abundant in this field.
When looking or a psychologist that could help you, there will be several choices for this. And if you are currently experiencing a dilemma because of it, you must set standards to help you decide. But first, you must search for probable candidates. You could ask for trusted referrals. For convenience, you can decide to utilize the internet for this.
They have to be licensed. Doctors in general must be licensed since there is a need to evaluate how good they are and how qualified they are for the job. Through looking at their certification, you can be assured they have been through the proper trainings and have taken exams as well.
It is hard to trust people who do not have the experience in dealing with these things. Those who have been in the field long enough, can make the entire session easier as they know what they are doing. They can sometimes specialize in one case if necessary.
Reputation must be checked. You need to know that your secrets are safe with them. The things you have shared are important and personal. If they impart it with others, it might cost them their license.
You will not easily see the sickness of the mind is someone has it. During the first stages, there will be no physical sign of it. However, it might show in the near future. Mind issues could be very frightening for the person experiencing it and the others around him or her. Undergoing treatment as soon as possible would be better for them. This is when psychologist San Francisco can help you. Finding the perfect person for the job is not that hard as there are several choices particularly in areas where there are a lot of people like San Francisco CA.
Those who were suffering from this were severely affected. Their lives have changed and it is hard to divert back to the old ways unless they are treated. Experiencing behavioral conditions are also known to be the cause of suicide. Others have been suffering from other physical diseases because of this as well.
The function of most psychologists is to help treatments. There are various treatment methods when someone is ill. And through their expertise, it is easy for them to determine what the patient has to do to recover. At times, they provide diagnosis as well as advise to those who will be treating the patient directly.
Someone who have graduated the degree of psychology can also choose not to provide therapies. Some of them decide to go to another field such as education. Only that their lessons are more advanced and are better utilized by people who desire to become professionals in the field as well. Opportunities are usually abundant in this field.
When looking or a psychologist that could help you, there will be several choices for this. And if you are currently experiencing a dilemma because of it, you must set standards to help you decide. But first, you must search for probable candidates. You could ask for trusted referrals. For convenience, you can decide to utilize the internet for this.
They have to be licensed. Doctors in general must be licensed since there is a need to evaluate how good they are and how qualified they are for the job. Through looking at their certification, you can be assured they have been through the proper trainings and have taken exams as well.
It is hard to trust people who do not have the experience in dealing with these things. Those who have been in the field long enough, can make the entire session easier as they know what they are doing. They can sometimes specialize in one case if necessary.
Reputation must be checked. You need to know that your secrets are safe with them. The things you have shared are important and personal. If they impart it with others, it might cost them their license.
About the Author:
You can visit drlindatucker.com for more helpful information about Psychologist And The Services They Can Offer.
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